Radience

Photosynthesis and Cellular Energy

Science

adenosine diphosphate

a low-energy molecule that can be converted to ATP
adenosine diphosphate Simple Definition

aerobic

chemical reactions that require oxygen
aerobic Simple Definition

anaerobic

chemical reactions that don’t require oxygen
anaerobic Simple Definition

ATP

adenosine triphosphate, molecules that store energy
ATP Simple Definition

ATP synthase

an enzyme that adds a high-energy phosphate group to turn ADP into ATP
ATP synthase Simple Definition

Calvin cycle

the light-independent stage of photosynthesis which uses energy and CO2 to form sugars
Calvin cycle Simple Definition

cellular respiration

cells using oxygen to produce energy from food
cellular respiration Simple Definition

chlorophyll

the green pigment in plants that uses light energy for photosynthesis
chlorophyll Simple Definition

electron transport chain

a protein series in cell membranes that transport high-energy electrons, this releases energy
electron transport chain Simple Definition

fermentation

cells breaking down molecules to release energy without using oxygen
fermentation Simple Definition

glycolysis

the breaking down of glucose in the first step of cellular respiration
glycolysis Simple Definition

Krebs cycle

the process that breaks down pyruvic acid to release energy during cellular respiration
Krebs cycle Simple Definition

light dependent reaction

a reaction during photosynthesis that uses light to create ATP and NADPH
light dependent reaction Simple Definition

NADP

an electron carrier molecule involved in photosynthesis
NADP Simple Definition

photosynthesis

the process by which plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food
photosynthesis Simple Definition

photosystem

the light-absorbing units in a chloroplast
photosystem Simple Definition

pigment

a colored chemical compound that absorbs some colors of light and reflects others
pigment Simple Definition

stroma

the fluid portion of a chloroplast
stroma Simple Definition

thylakoid

the light-absorbing structures in chloroplasts
thylakoid Simple Definition

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