Radience

Meiosis and Mendel

Science

allele

an alternate form of a gene for a specific trait
allele Simple Definition

crossing over

the exchange of genetic material between similar chromosomes during meiosis
crossing over Simple Definition

diploid

a cell that has two sets of chromosomes
diploid Simple Definition

dominant trait

a trait of an allele that masks the other trait
dominant trait Simple Definition

fertilization

when a male reproductive cell (sperm) joins with a female reproductive cell (egg)
fertilization Simple Definition

gamete

a sex cell, like an egg or sperm
gamete Simple Definition

gene

the part of a chromosome that contains the DNA for a specific trait
gene Simple Definition

genetics

the study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring
genetics Simple Definition

genotype

the entire genetic make up of an organism
genotype Simple Definition

haploid

a cell that has only one set of chromosomes
haploid Simple Definition

heredity

the passing of traits from parent to offspring
heredity Simple Definition

heterozygous

two different alleles for a trait
heterozygous Simple Definition

homologous chromosome

a chromosome with the same structure and gene sequence
homologous chromosome Simple Definition

homozygous

two identical alleles for a trait
homozygous Simple Definition

hybrid

the offspring of parents that have different forms of a trait
hybrid Simple Definition

law of independent assortment

states that genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other
law of independent assortment Simple Definition

law of segregation

states that every organism has two alleles for each trait, these alleles separate in meiosis
law of segregation Simple Definition

meiosis

the process in cell division where the number of chromosomes is halved
meiosis Simple Definition

phenotype

the observable characteristics of an organism
phenotype Simple Definition

probability

the likelihood that an event will occur
probability Simple Definition

punnett square

a model that predicts offspring
punnett square Simple Definition

recessive trait

a trait that is masked from a dominant allele
recessive trait Simple Definition

sexual reproduction

the production of offspring from two parents
sexual reproduction Simple Definition

sperm

the sex cell produced in male reproductive organs
sperm Simple Definition

trait

any characteristic of an organism
trait Simple Definition

zygote

the cell formed when a sperm fertilizes an egg
zygote Simple Definition

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